On June 17, 2025, Xi Jinping, President of the People's Republic of China, Kassym-Jomart Tokayev, President of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Sadyr Japarov, President of the Kyrgyz Republic, Emomali Rahmon, President of the Republic of Tajikistan, Serdar Berdimuhamedov, President of Turkmenistan, and Shavkat Mirziyoyev, President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, jointly held the Second China-Central Asia Summit in Astana.
Heads of State of the member states of the China-Central Asia mechanism recognize the strategic significance of the region and the importance of further deepening multilateral cooperation on the principles of equality, mutual respect, and mutual benefit. They declare that they will continue to consolidate the friendly relations among the six countries, deepen political mutual trust, and expand economic cooperation.
The parties reviewed the achievements of comprehensive cooperation between China and the five Central Asian countries in a friendly atmosphere, summarized the experience of mutually beneficial cooperation in various fields, and looked forward to the direction of future cooperation, and declared as follows:
I. The parties speak highly of the achievements of the First China-Central Asia Summit held in Xi’an on May 19, 2023, and the outcomes of the China-Central Asia Foreign Ministers’ Meetings held in Chengdu on December 1, 2024, and in Almaty on April 26, 2025. They actively support the development of ministerial-level mechanism cooperation in key priority areas and various other forms of cooperation.
The parties unanimously believe that maintaining fruitful all-round cooperation between China and the five Central Asian countries is in the fundamental interests of the six countries and their peoples. Facing the great changes unseen in a century and focusing on the future of the peoples of the region, the six countries are determined to work together to build a closer China-Central Asia community with a shared future.
The parties point out that on the basis of a comprehensive summary of the successful experience of China-Central Asia cooperation, the "China-Central Asia Spirit" has been formed, with the basic elements of "mutual respect, mutual trust, mutual benefit, mutual assistance, and promoting common modernization through high-quality development". This spirit should be vigorously promoted and made the foundation for member states of the mechanism to develop friendly relations and advance mutually beneficial cooperation.
II. The parties reaffirm that they will show understanding, respect, and support for each other on issues involving their core interests.
The Chinese side firmly supports the development paths chosen by Central Asian countries, and supports each country in safeguarding its national independence, sovereignty and territorial integrity, as well as in adopting various independent foreign and domestic policies. Central Asian countries reaffirm their commitment to the one - China principle, recognizing that there is only one China in the world, Taiwan is an inalienable part of China's territory, and the Government of the People's Republic of China is the sole legal government representing the whole of China. Central Asian countries oppose any form of "Taiwan independence" and firmly support the Chinese government in achieving national reunification.
All parties reaffirm their firm determination to consolidate the age - old good - neighborliness and deepen the solid partnership, and believe that it is very necessary to sign the multilateral "Treaty of Permanent Good - Neighborliness and Friendly Cooperation", which is conducive to promoting the long - term, healthy and stable development of China - Central Asia relations.
All parties reaffirm their commitment to the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations and respect the independence, equality, sovereignty and territorial integrity of all countries.
All parties firmly defend multilateralism and the recognized norms of international law and international relations, and are committed to promoting the equal and orderly multi - polarization of the world and the inclusive economic globalization, jointly safeguarding international fairness and justice.
All parties are committed to further strengthening all - round and fruitful cooperation in various fields within the framework of the China - Central Asia mechanism.
III. The Heads of State of the participating countries of the Secretariat point out that the Secretariat of the China-Central Asia Mechanism plays an important role in implementing the initiatives and tasks proposed by the Heads of State, and are willing to strongly support the work of the Secretariat of the China-Central Asia Mechanism and provide facilitation and guarantees for the development of the Secretariat.
The Heads of State of the participating countries of the China-Central Asia Mechanism unanimously welcome Secretary-General Sun Weidong to assume his duties on May 1, 2025.
IV. The parties will firmly safeguard the core and key role of the United Nations in maintaining international peace, security and sustainable development, promote the common human values of peace, development, fairness, justice, democracy and freedom, and oppose the politicization of issues such as human rights. The parties agree to jointly formulate a United Nations General Assembly resolution on "Solidarity Among Nations for a Just, Harmonious and Developed World".
The parties reaffirm that they will strengthen political dialogue and cooperation within the framework of multilateral international organizations such as the United Nations, and exchange views and coordinate positions on regional and international hot issues.
The parties welcome the United Nations General Assembly Resolution 78/266 of March 21, 2024, declaring 2025 as the International Year of Peace and Trust, and welcome the holding of the International Peace and Trust Forum in Ashgabat in 2025.
The parties welcome the resolution initiated by Turkmenistan and adopted by the United Nations General Assembly on "Declaring Central Asia a Zone of Peace, Trust and Cooperation".
The parties welcome the adoption of the "Permanent Neutrality of Turkmenistan" resolution by the United Nations General Assembly on the occasion of the 30th anniversary of Turkmenistan's neutrality.
The parties note that in view of the current situation and global inequality trends, it is important to formulate a global security strategy based on the United Nations and recognized norms of international law.
The parties reaffirm their adherence to the principles and objectives of international humanitarian law, and highly appreciate the efforts of Kazakhstan and China in participating in the launch of the "Global Initiative to Inspire Political Commitment to International Humanitarian Law". The parties take note of the Initiative, which aims to strengthen humanitarian principles and create favorable conditions for achieving world peace and breaking the endless cycle of violence in armed conflicts.
The participating parties of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization support the Chinese side in its work as the rotating chair of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization for 2024-2025, and are willing to fully assist in organizing the Tianjin Summit.
V. The parties speak highly of the Belt and Road Initiative and will further strengthen the alignment between the Belt and Road Initiative and the development strategies of Central Asian countries.
VI. The parties are committed to consolidating the multilateral trading system based on the rules of the World Trade Organization, supporting the advancement of international trade rules with the times, and promoting trade and investment liberalization and facilitation.
The parties reaffirm the importance of strengthening discussions on development issues within the framework of the World Trade Organization, and emphasize the necessity of supporting an open, inclusive, sustainable, stable, diversified and reliable global supply chain.
World Trade Organization participants support the accession of Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan to the World Trade Organization.
Relevant parties are willing to take unimpeded trade, industrial investment, connectivity, green minerals, agricultural modernization, and facilitation of personnel exchanges as the six priority cooperation directions.
The parties believe that the potential for economic and trade cooperation between China and Central Asian countries is huge, and are willing to give full play to the role of the China-Central Asia Economic and Trade Ministers' Meeting mechanism to promote high-quality trade development, diversify trade structures, simplify trade procedures, upgrade investment agreements between China and Central Asian countries, tap the potential of the China-Central Asia Trade Facilitation Working Group, Digital Trade Roundtable and E-commerce Cooperation Dialogue Mechanism, and expand cooperation in emerging fields.
The parties are willing to deepen investment and industrial cooperation in green minerals, new energy, new infrastructure and other fields to ensure the stability and smoothness of regional industrial chains, strengthen exchanges and cooperation in the field of housing and urban-rural construction, accelerate the connectivity of digital and green infrastructure, and jointly promote the cooperative development of infrastructure and engineering construction.
The parties will continue to expand the contribution of China and Central Asian countries to safeguarding international energy and food security, and continue to develop international transportation and logistics corridors to ensure the stable supply of key categories of goods.
The parties are willing to comprehensively expand the transport capacity of transportation corridors and realize containerization of cargo transportation to maximize transport facilitation, deepen cooperation on China-Europe (Asia) Railway Express, tap the potential of cross-border logistics, and promote joint projects in line with the interests of regional countries.
The China-Kyrgyzstan-Uzbekistan railway is of great significance to China and the Central Asian region, and the parties welcome the launch and implementation of the project.
The parties are willing to promote large transport logistics companies of various countries to actively use the Turkmenbashi International Seaport and Aktau International Trade Port for cargo transportation.
Based on their geographical locations and with the active participation of multimodal transport operators, the parties will coordinate logistics arrangements in the fields of railway, road and sea transportation to expand regular container transportation and expand the international market for exports of goods from Central Asian countries.
The parties welcome Turkmenistan to host the Third United Nations Conference on Landlocked Developing Countries in 2025.
The parties support improving the facilitation level of international road transport in the region through the electronicization of driving permits, and jointly deepen exchanges and cooperation in the field of sustainable transport.
The parties note the significance of establishing the China-Central Asia Business Council, and are willing to support trade promotion agencies, business associations and relevant organizations to closely cooperate in trade and investment promotion, and play a greater role in developing economic and trade cooperation between China and Central Asian countries.
The parties note that the China-Central Asia Industry and Investment Cooperation Forum plays an important role in promoting investment cooperation between China and Central Asian countries, expanding industrial cooperation, and maintaining the stability and efficiency of regional industrial chains and supply chains.
The parties speak positively of the China-Central Asia Customs Directors-General Meeting mechanism, and are willing to strengthen exchanges and cooperation on "Smart Customs, Intelligent Borders, and Shared Connectivity", and pragmatically promote practical cooperation in port connectivity, "single window", risk management, customs clearance facilitation, and customs mutual assistance.
VII. The parties believe that establishing and developing a sci-tech partnership with complementary advantages and win-win cooperation is of great significance.
The parties are willing to further strengthen dialogue on scientific and technological development, regularly exchange information on national sci-tech strategies, priority areas, and sci-tech development plans, share development experience, and support the holding of the China (Xinjiang)-Central Asia Sci-Tech Innovation Cooperation Forum.
The parties will actively support exchanges between scientific research institutions and researchers, form a number of "partner research institutes", implement joint research projects and technical application demonstration projects, and build cooperation platforms on this basis.
The parties are willing to promote technology transfer and achievement transformation, and drive regional economic and social development through sci-tech innovation.
The parties are willing to strengthen cooperation in the field of science and technology, including the exchange of advanced experience.
The Chinese side welcomes all parties to join the Friends of the Group for International Cooperation on AI Capacity Building. The parties are willing to jointly promote the implementation of the United Nations General Assembly resolution on "Strengthening International Cooperation on AI Capacity Building".
The parties note the importance of the draft United Nations General Assembly resolution initiated by Tajikistan on "The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Creating New Opportunities for Sustainable Development in Central Asia".
VIII. The parties are willing to deeply tap the potential of agricultural cooperation and promote investment, industrial, and agricultural product trade cooperation in the agricultural sector. The Chinese side welcomes Central Asian countries to increase the promotion of their agricultural products through important exhibitions such as the China International Import Expo.
The parties are willing to actively develop smart agriculture and strengthen the application of water-saving, green, and other efficient technologies as well as the exchange of advanced experience.
The parties are willing to promote technical and talent exchange and cooperation in the management and development of desertified and saline-alkali land, water-saving irrigation, pest control, animal husbandry and veterinary medicine, etc., to enhance the resilience of the agricultural system for sustainable development.
The parties reaffirm their commitment to joint efforts to safeguard food security under climate change, noting the importance of developing agriculture in a more ecological way, such as protecting biodiversity and effectively utilizing land resources.
The parties welcome the United Nations General Assembly resolution initiated by Uzbekistan on "Ecological Problems Faced by Central Asia—Strengthening Regional Solidarity for Sustainable Development and Prosperity", which emphasizes that climate change is one of the most complex modern issues, causing great difficulties to the sustainable development of all countries.
The parties welcome the United Nations General Assembly resolutions initiated by Uzbekistan on "Promoting Sustainable Forest Management, Afforestation and Reforestation on Degraded Lands Including Drylands to Effectively Address Environmental Challenges" and the "United Nations Decade on Sustainable Forest Management, Afforestation and Reforestation (2027–2036)".
The parties note the importance of jointly improving policies on poverty reduction, employment promotion, income increase, and job creation, and are willing to strengthen cooperation in the above fields, introduce effective social assistance policies, and carry out expert and professional exchanges.
IX. The parties support the establishment of a China-Central Asia energy development partnership, expand cooperation across the entire energy industry chain, further expand cooperation in traditional energy fields such as oil, natural gas, and coal, strengthen cooperation in clean energy such as hydropower, solar energy, wind energy, and hydrogen energy, deepen cooperation in the peaceful use of nuclear energy, implement projects on green technologies and clean energy, and practice the development concepts of innovation, coordination, greenness, openness, and sharing.
The parties note that energy cooperation is an important part of the region's sustainable development, and are willing to continue deepening energy cooperation in accordance with the principle of mutual benefit and win-win results, taking into account the interests of all parties, and promoting the common high-quality development of the energy industries of all countries.
X. Relevant parties support further strengthening cooperation across the entire industrial chain of mineral resources development and utilization between China and Central Asian countries. The parties will study the possibility of jointly carrying out geological surveys, mineral resources exploration, and green mining development within the existing legal frameworks of each country.
XI. The parties are willing to jointly organize activities in the fields of culture, cultural heritage, and tourism, enrich the forms of youth exchanges, and carry out cooperation in joint archaeological research, studies on the history and heritage of the Silk Road, cultural heritage protection and restoration, museum exchanges, recovery and return of lost cultural relics, etc.
The parties speak highly of the High-Level International Conference on Glacier Protection held in Dushanbe from May 29 to 31, 2025, and the outcome documents adopted at the conference.
The parties welcome the decision of UNESCO to hold its 43rd General Conference in Samarkand in 2025. The Conference will serve as an important initiative for UNESCO to advance the global agenda and promote international dialogue on cultural, educational, and scientific and technological cooperation.
The parties will support the organization of youth cultural festivals, forums, and sports events, including the 2026 World Nomad Games initiated by Kyrgyzstan, which will promote the popularization of traditional sports and cultural diversity.
Relevant parties will continue to actively promote the establishment of cultural centers in each other's countries.
The parties support cooperation in the selection of "China-Central Asia Cultural and Tourism Capitals".
The parties speak highly of the successful convening of the First China-Central Asia Education Ministers' Meeting.
The parties support school-enterprise cooperation and integration of industry and education, and accelerate the promotion of international vocational education cooperation projects such as Luban Workshops.
The parties support joint scientific research by universities of various countries in the fields of energy, agriculture, medicine and health, artificial intelligence, etc. They support the construction of Confucius Institutes and Chinese language teaching in Central Asian countries.
The parties speak highly of the Chinese side's establishment of the China-Central Asia Poverty Reduction Cooperation Center, China-Central Asia Education Exchange and Cooperation Center, China-Central Asia Desertification Control Center, and China-Central Asia Trade Facilitation Cooperation Platform within the framework of this mechanism.
The parties take note of Kazakhstan's initiative to establish a National Alliance for Primary Health Care, which aims to support the coverage of primary health care services worldwide.
XII. The parties reaffirm the status of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and its Paris Agreement as the main channel and basic legal basis for the international community to cooperate in addressing climate change, emphasizing that all countries should abide by the objectives, principles, and institutional framework of the UNFCCC and its Paris Agreement, especially the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities, promote the full and effective implementation of the UNFCCC and its Paris Agreement, and jointly build a fair, reasonable, and win-win global climate governance system.
The parties are willing to carry out dialogue within the framework of the China-Central Asia mechanism to study, formulate and implement measures for biodiversity protection and climate change response.
The parties note the importance of implementing the "Sustainable Mountain Development" resolution adopted by the 77th United Nations General Assembly, which declares the implementation of the Five-Year Framework for Mountain Development from 2023 to 2027, aiming to strengthen international cooperation on the mountain agenda and its effective follow-up implementation.
The parties welcome the initiative proposed by Kyrgyzstan to advance the mountain agenda and address climate change, and welcome the high-level dialogue on "Advancing the Mountain Agenda, Common Trends and Climate Change" hosted by Kyrgyzstan in Baku on November 13, 2024, within the framework of the 29th United Nations Climate Change Conference. They are willing to explore the possibility of joining the Joint Declaration on Climate Change, Mountains and Glaciers submitted by Kyrgyzstan during the dialogue.
The parties take note of Tajikistan's proposal to establish cross-border special nature reserves, cross-border ecological corridors and buffer zones for the protection of individual animal populations, restoration and protection of rare, endangered and migratory animal species, as well as exchange relevant experience and technologies.
The parties welcome the accession of Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan to the Mountain Partnership dialogue group based on the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, which represents the interests of mountainous countries.
The parties welcome the successful convening of the Global Dialogue on Sustainable Mountain Development by Kyrgyzstan from April 24 to 25, 2025, and support Kyrgyzstan in hosting the International Mountain Youth Art Festival in August 2025 and the "Bishkek+25" Second Global Mountain Summit in 2027.
The parties welcome the initiative to establish a UN-led regional climate technology center in Ashgabat as a platform for technology transfer to adapt to and mitigate the impacts of climate change.
The parties note the importance of the outcomes of the first Climate Forum held in Samarkand from April 4 to 5, 2025, which serves as an important measure to strengthen regional dialogue and consultation on climate issues.
The parties welcome the successful convening of the 2025 Central Asia Climate Change Conference on "Actions by Central Asian Regions and Countries to Achieve Global Climate Finance Goals" in Ashgabat in May 2025.
The parties support the holding of a regional climate summit in Kazakhstan in 2026 under the auspices of the United Nations, which will provide new impetus for climate protection in Central Asia and pool the efforts of regional countries.
Therefore, the parties call for exploring ways of cooperation within the framework of the Central Asia Climate Change and Green Energy Projects Office, which aims to accelerate Central Asia's climate transition through policy support, innovation and partnership.
XIII. The parties believe that a stable, developing and prosperous Central Asia is in the common interests of the peoples of the six countries and the international community.
The parties strongly condemn terrorism, separatism and extremism in all their forms, and are willing to make joint efforts to combat the "three forces", especially cross-border movements of terrorist forces, drug smuggling, transnational organized crime, cybercrime and other activities, ensure the smooth progress of cooperation projects, and jointly respond to security threats.
The parties recognize the importance of the security dialogue platform within the framework of the Dushanbe Counter-Terrorism Process and the initiative of Tajikistan titled "A Decade of Building Peace for Future Generations".
The parties will take joint measures to strengthen ecological protection, early warning of large-scale disasters and crises, joint response to epidemics, and other urgent security-related cooperation.
The parties note the importance of the initiative of Uzbekistan on "Strengthening Regional and International Cooperation to Ensure Peace, Stability and Sustainable Development in Central Asia" adopted by UN General Assembly Resolution 72/283 of 22 June 2018.
The parties welcome the UN General Assembly resolution initiated by Uzbekistan on "Solidarity and Cooperation among Central Asian States for Effective Response to and Elimination of the Drug Problem".
Against the backdrop of the rapid development of information technology and artificial intelligence, the parties note the necessity of strengthening regional cybersecurity. They are willing to rely on the infrastructure of information technology parks in Central Asian countries to promote innovation, launch start-ups, carry out joint projects and exchange experience.
The parties are willing to strengthen information sharing and apply best practices and advanced experience to ensure the stable operation of regional information infrastructure.
The parties are willing to work together with the international community to help the Afghan people maintain peace and stability, rebuild social infrastructure, and integrate into the regional and world economic systems.
The parties support building Afghanistan into a peaceful, stable and prosperous country free from the threats of terrorism and drugs.
The parties reaffirm their active participation in the UN-led Doha process and welcome the efforts of the UN Assistance Mission in Afghanistan and the UN Office on Drugs and Crime.
The parties welcome the inclusion of the Termez Regional Humanitarian Logistics Center of Uzbekistan in the global warehouse network for emergency humanitarian assistance of the UN High Commissioner for Refugees, which will enhance the international community's capacity to deliver basic necessities to displaced persons worldwide in a timely and effective manner.
The parties highly commend the efforts of Kazakhstan to institutionalize the initiative to establish a UN Sustainable Development Goals Regional Center for Central Asia and Afghanistan in Almaty to accelerate the achievement of regional sustainable development goals and address the development challenges of Afghanistan. They welcome the efforts of the Government of Tajikistan to provide logistical support for the delivery of humanitarian assistance to the Afghan people.
The parties welcome the efforts of Turkmenistan to create the necessary conditions for the transportation of goods and humanitarian assistance to and from Afghanistan through its territory. To this end, the parties highly commend the opening of the Serkhetabat-Turgundi and Kerki-Imam Nazar railway lines, as well as the launch of the construction of the dry port warehouse complex at the Turgundi railway station.
The parties note the need to make joint efforts to combat illegal trafficking of drugs and their precursors, and prevent the spread of new psychoactive substances, including stopping the use of new technologies and means to carry out the above-mentioned illegal activities, and study the possibility of formulating a joint counter-narcotics action plan with the participation of the UN Office on Drugs and Crime.
XIV. The parties are willing to actively practice the Global Development Initiative, the Global Security Initiative and the Global Civilization Initiative, and work together to advance the UN sustainable development agenda, maintain regional and world peace and security, and promote exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations.
The parties are willing to jointly organize relevant activities based on the United Nations General Assembly resolution on the "International Day of Dialogue among Civilizations" to jointly promote exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations.
The parties support building a peaceful, open, secure, cooperative and orderly cyberspace within the framework of the Global Data Security Initiative, jointly implement the "Data Security Cooperation Initiative of China and the Five Central Asian Countries", safeguard international information security, and jointly combat cybercrime and cyberterrorism. They emphasize the key role of the United Nations in combating threats in cyberspace, support formulating universally accepted rules of responsible state behavior in cyberspace within the UN framework, especially rules related to data security, and call on the international community to sign the United Nations Comprehensive International Convention on Combating the Use of Information and Communication Technologies for Criminal Purposes approved by UN General Assembly Resolution 79/243 of December 24, 2024, as soon as possible.
The parties stress the important role of the Treaty on a Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zone in Central Asia in consolidating the international nuclear non-proliferation regime. Therefore, they note the necessity of further strengthening cooperation among themselves within the framework of the Treaty and with other nuclear-weapon-free zones in the world.
The parties note the importance of expanding cooperation in the field of biosecurity.
The parties take note of Kazakhstan's efforts to establish a Digital Solutions Center of the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific, which aims to promote sustainable development in the Asia-Pacific region.
XV. The parties declare that starting from the Second China-Central Asia Summit, a theme year will be determined every two years, and 2025-2026 will be the "Year of High-Quality Development of China-Central Asia Cooperation".
XVI. The parties express their gratitude to Kazakhstan for hosting the Second China-Central Asia Summit at a high level.
The parties agree that the Third China-Central Asia Summit will be hosted by China in 2027.
Xi Jinping, President of the People's Republic of China
Kassym-Jomart Tokayev, President of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Sadyr Japarov, President of the Kyrgyz Republic
Emomali Rahmon, President of the Republic of Tajikistan
Serdar Berdimuhamedov, President of Turkmenistan
Shavkat Mirziyoyev, President of the Republic of Uzbekistan
Astana, June 17, 2025
